Device for copying pictures



(No Model.)

L. A. HAGAN. DEVICE FOR GOBYING PIGTURES.

No. 464,359. Patented Dec. 1, 1 91 A v GHIVJ L N0 Q u, n. c,

m: naams pugs-s co.. Fncrm-uTN UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LEVI A. HAGAN, OF LI TLE ROCK, ARKANSAS, ASSIGNOR OF ON E-HALF TO JAMES E. BARRETT, OF MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE.

DEVICE FOR COPYING PICTURES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 464,359, dated December 1, 1891.

Application filed December 29, 1890- Serial No. 376,120. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern: transparent, but they also enable the spaces Be it known that I, LEVI A. HAGAN, of Litto be outlined upon the sheet not only by t-le Rock, Arkansas, have made a new and printing dots upon the upper surface of the useful Improvement in Devices for Copying sheet, but also by perforating the sheet, all 5 Pictures, of which the following isafull, clear, substantially as is hereinafter set forth and and exact description. claimed, aided by the annexed drawings, Devices for copying pictures have heretomaking part of this specification, in which fore been used consisting substantially of a Figure l is a face view of the improved detablet and a transparent sheet, as follows: vice, the transparent sheet being raised to 10 The marginal portion of thetablet is provided uncover the picture; Fig. 2, a similar view,

with a vertical and a horizontal graduation, the pictureand transparent sheet being in poleaving the interior portion to be occupied sition for use; Fig. 3, an end edge elevation of by the picture being copied. The picture bethe same; Fig. 4, a detail, being an enlarged ing in place, the transparent sheet, which by View showing a portion of the transparent 15 means of lines drawn thereon, is marked oif sheet and the picture to be copied behind it; into squares whose sides coincide, respectand Fig. 5 a similar view showing perforaively, with the 'graduations of the tablet is tions. 7 placed above the picture, and any suitable The same letters of reference denote the means are employed to confine the picture same parts. 2c and sheet in place upon the tablet. The sheet A represents the tablet.

being transparent, the picture can be seen, B represents the vertical graduation. and the squares of the sheet serve for the 0 represents the horizontal graduation, and time being to mark the picture and to thereby D is the space occupied by the picture. guide the copyist in his work. The paper E represents the transparent sheet. It is 25 upon which the copy is madeis similarly preferablyofcelluloid or zylonite. Its spaces, marked in squares either of the same size or formed by means of the rows 6 cof points are larger or smaller, as may be desired, and the shown at e e. -The sheet may be entirely work is readily and accurately performed by detachable from the tablet, but it is better to reference to the corresponding squares indipermanently secure it to the tablet by means o cated upon the picture by means of thelined of any suitable fastening, such as the strip a, transparent sheet. and so that the sheet can be upturned, as in The present improvement is related to the Fig. 1, to uncover the central powonof the described device in that a similarly-gradutablet or to be turned down, as 1n Fig.2, to ated tablet for holding the picture is embring its spaces accurately into coincidence 5 ployed; but, in place of a transparent sheet with the lines of the tablet-graduations.

having squares produced thereon by means In operation apicture F is confined upon the of continuous lines, I use a transparent sheet tablet beneath the transparent sheet, as in-' having spaces which are outlined by means dicated in Fig. 2. The sheet upon which the of points only, for a sheet ruled with 0011- copy is made is not shown. It is of any suit- 4o tinuous lines, as described, is frequently obable character for the purpose in question,

jectionable, in that the lines obscure imporwith spaces indicated thereon corresponding tant features of the work being copied. In to those upon the transparent sheet. In procopying a photograph of a face, for instance, ducing the spaces in question I preferably the lines may pass over minute features, say, employ five points at each side of a space- 5 5 in or about the eyes or mouth, so as to matethat is, besides the four points at the corners,

terially conceal them from View. Iovercome respectively, of the space there are three the difficulty referred to by substituting points in each side of the space, substantially points in the place of continuous lines in 10- as shown in Figs. 4 and 5. eating the spaces upon the transparent sheet. In carrying outthe improvementldesire not 5c The points not only occupy {much less room to be confined tosquares, as spaces of other and thus leave a larger portion of the sheet forms can, in the manner described and for the purpose under consideration, be outlined upon the transparent sheet, and the tablet, and also the sheet upon which the copy is made can be made to conform thereto. The perforations 6 Fig. 5, used to form the rows 6 serve not only as points for indicating the lines of the spaces, but also enable those portions of the picture which come beneath the perforation to be directly visible to the operator.

I am aware that a stencil for stamping a design for embroidery has been rovided with arbitrary symbols perforated therein within the lines of its design, and such, th refore, I disclaim.

I do not wish to be understood as broadly claiming a picture-copying device having a transparent sheet provided with continuous lines running at right angles to each otherto constitute numerous squares, as such is disclosed in Letters Patent No. 241,801,-issuecl to meMay 24, 1881, and No. 275,822, issued to melApril 17, 1883.

In the prior constructions the squares are formed by ruled lines, the corners onlyof the squares serving the purpose of designating points toguide the eye and hand in reproducing avpicture on alarger scale. The continuouslines, printed or ruled, are objectionable, in that they cross the features, cover up, hide from view, and totally obscure many delicate lines,,shadows, features, or expressions of the face, thus defeating, in a large degree, the object for which the subdivided transparent sheet is intended.

The essential object of mypresent invention is to avoid the objections stated, whereby all the delicate lines, shadows, and features visible on a small photograph are not partially or inany way hidden from the View of the operator, but are clearly visible between the separated points or dots, thereby enabling the operator to draw every line and feature.

, The printed or ruled continuous lines forming squares constitute only four specific points for the guidance of the untrained and unskilled hand and eye of the beginner or learner, thus leaving the proportions of the distance between the corners to be obtained onlyby guesswork. To obviate this I devised the construction hereinbefore described, whereby the spaces are subdivided'and serve the untrained mind in making correct proportional and mental calculations, resulting in a larger degree of accuracy in the enlarged copy, and encouraging the beginner or learner by giving the exact proportions.

The dotted spaces show three specific points to each side of a square, and thus serve as proportional points in addition to the corners, making twelve specific unvarying and unerring proportional or calculating points to each square, instead of merely four corners, as heretofore.

The squares formed by continuous lines have four specific points only; but the squares formed by the dots or points in accordance with mypresent invention provide each square with twelve points in addition tothe corners, thereby materially facilitating the work of copying small photographs, while leaving the delicate lines, shadows, and expressions of the features .plainly visible to the eye, which is a result impossible with squares formed by ruled or printed continuous lines.

Inmy present invention the transparent dotted sheet is permanently fastenedat one edge to the tablet in such mannerthat theoutlines of which are formed by separated points or dots for the purpose of providing each square with several specific and unitary points in addition to the corner points, so that all portions of the delicate lines, shadows, and expressions of the features are clearly visible to the eye, substantially-as described.

LEVI A. HAGAN. WVitnesses:

H. F. ROBERTS, H. TIMMERMAN. 

